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【長難句】

 

"While we argue phasing out racial terminology (術語) in the biological sciences, we also acknowledge that using race as a political or social category to study racism, although filled with lots of challenges, remains necessary given our need to understand how structural inequities and discrimination produce health disparities (差異) between groups."

 

【句子拆分】

 

主語 we

 

謂語 acknowledge

 

賓語 that using race as a political or social category to study racism, although filled with lots of challenges, remains necessary given our need to understand how structural inequities and discrimination produce health disparities (差異) between groups

 

【單詞解析】

 

單詞

 

racial

 

音標

 

[?re??(?)l]

 

中文詞意

 

adj. 種族的；人種的

 

【語法分析】

 

這句話是一個復合句，前面的"while...sciences"引導讓步狀語從句，后面的主句中"we"是主語，"acknowledge"是謂語，從"that"開始，后面的一串都算是賓語從句。賓語從句的主語"using race"，后面的"as...category"是方式狀語，"to study racism"是前面"a political or social category"的后置定語。"although...challenges"是賓語從句的讓步狀語，"remain"是系詞，"necessary"是表語，"given our need"是條件狀語，"to understand..."是"need"的定語，"understand" 后面跟著一個賓語從句，這個賓語從句中主語是"structural...discrimination"，謂語"produce"，賓語是"health...groups"

 

【譯文】

 

“雖然我們認為在生物科學里要逐漸淘汰種族術語，但我們也承認，考慮到我們需要了解結構性的不平等和歧視使如何使群體之間產生健康差異的，將種族用作研究種族主義的政治或社會范疇仍有必要，盡管這充滿了挑戰” that using race as a political or social category to study racism, although filled with lots of challenges, remains necessary given our need to understand how structural inequities and discrimination produce health disparities (差異) between groups.

 

【考情分析】

 

這句話還是有點內容的，問題主要集中在主句上，而且是主句的賓語上。主句的賓語是個從句，原本的內容從"that using race...between groups"，很長的一段。實際上這個賓語從句的主干就是"using race remains necessary"，主系表句型，動名詞結構"using race"做主語，"remain"在這是系動詞。其它的修飾結構在語法結構中都分析過了，在這兒稍微說一下"given our need"這一塊， 這是"given"作介詞的用法，當這個單詞作介詞時后面就可以接賓語，整體構成條件狀語，詞義當"考慮到"等類似意思，本句中就是這樣的用法。